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Petite bourgeoisie
''Petite bourgeoisie'' ((:pətit buʁʒwazi)), also ''petty bourgeoisie'' (literally small bourgeoisie), is a French term (sometimes derogatory) referring to a social class comprising semi-autonomous peasantry and small-scale merchants whose politico-economic ideological stance is determined by reflecting that of a ''haute'' (high) ''bourgeoisie'', with which the petite bourgeoisie seeks to identify itself, and whose bourgeois morality it strives to imitate.〔Habermas () ''Technology and Science as Ideology'' quotation: 〕
The term is politico-economic, and references historical materialism. It originally denoted a sub-stratum of the middle classes in the 18th and early-19th centuries. In the mid-19th century, the pre-eminient theorist of socio-politico-economy, Karl Marx, and other Marxist theorists used the term petite bourgeoisie to identify the socio-economic stratum of the bourgeoisie that comprised small-scale capitalists such as shop-keepers and workers who manage the production, distribution, and/or exchange of commodities and/or services owned by their bourgeois employers.〔(Encyclopaedia of Marxism - Glossary ). Retrieved 6 March 2013.〕〔(''Communist Manifesto'' - Chapter 1 ) Retrieved 6 March 2013.〕
==Definition==
The ''petite bourgeoisie'' is economically distinct from the ''proletariat'' and the ''lumpenproletariat'' social-class strata who rely entirely on the sale of their labor-power for survival; and also are distinct from the capitalist class ''haute bourgeoisie'' (high bourgeoisie) who own the means of production, and thus can buy the labor-power of the proletariat and lumpenproletariat to work the means of production. Though the petite bourgeoisie can buy the labor of others, they typically work alongside their employees, unlike the haute bourgeoisie.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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